The Reading Land Of Open Graves By De Leon Essay - 1906 Words

In the reading land of open graves by De Leon, discusses the dangers that millions of Mexican and central Americans face when trying to get into the United States undocumented. These people include people who have the dream of living in America and creating a new life where they can support their families. Also for those who have been deported back to Mexico being separated from their families and are in hopes of being reunited with their loved ones. These people face a hard battle ahead of them because they have to travel through the Sonoran desert of Arizona that is one of the largest deserts in North America. And have to deal with not only fighting the harsh desert elements, while only caring as many supplies as they can. They also have to deal with the structural violence that goes under looked that thousands of Mexicans have to face while migrating to the United States. De Leon’s purpose of this book is to enhance our understanding of the process of undocumented desert mi gration. Intending to challenge preconceived notions about what a holistic anthropology can look like and how it can be deployed in a politically hostile terrain. He does this by showing how productive it can be to sneak back and forth across the border between â€Å"accepted† discourse and excluded discourse in the name of generating new knowledge and new forms of cultural understanding. He goes over almost every aspect about how hard it is for the millions of Mexicans attempting to cross undocumented.Show MoreRelatedThe Land Of Open Graves : Living And Dying On The Migrant Trail1813 Words   |  8 Pagestrace your lineage to claim the right to live in this country? Author Jason De Leon aims to answer questions like this in his book, The Land of Open Graves: Living and Dying on the Migrant Trail . De Leon, an anthropologist and expert in the field, took it upon himself to study the paths of immigrants coming into America through the Sonoran desert region in southern Arizo na over the course of the last decade. De Leon walks in the footsteps of the disenfranchised fleeing their country from theRead MoreEssay on The American Christian Holocausts5005 Words   |  21 PagesPeoples). Hitler himself often expressed his admiration for the expediency in which the American Christians removed the Native Americans and gave them mass graves like the one in Wounded Knee, South Dakota. Have you ever heard the words American Holocaust(s) before? As I read about history I was drawn to the Indian Wars. One day I began reading Dee Browns book Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. I was shocked by what I read. I had never been taught these things, yet this history seemed so importantRead MoreIntroduction to Rizal Course11998 Words   |  48 PagesCirila Alejandrino, serving as Riza’s grandfather. Juan and Cirila had 14 children, one of whom was Francisco Mercado, Rizal’s father who married Teodora Alonzo. Rizal’s father was an erudite man. He took courses in Latin and Philosophy at Colegio de San Jose in Manila. For Rizal, his father was a model father because of his honesty, industry and prudence. Rizal inherited from his father self – respect, sere nity and poise, seriousness and a deep sense of dignity. On the other hand, from his motherRead MoreSwami Vivekananda14669 Words   |  59 Pages6 Death | | | 2 Principles and Philosophy of Swami Vivekananda | | 3 Works of Swami Vivekananda | | 4 Interaction with contemporary giants | | 5 Quotes of Swami Vivekananda | | 6 Trivia avout Swami Vivekananda | | 7 Recommended Reading | | Biography of Swami Vivekananda Birth and Early life Narendranath Dutta was born in Shimla Pally, Kolkata, West Bengal, India on 12 January 1863 as the son of Viswanath Dutta and Bhuvaneswari Devi. Even as he was young, he showed a precociousRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages................................................................... 517 Good Evidence ............................................................................................................................... 518 A Cautious Approach with an Open Mind ................................................................................ 519 Discovering Causes, Creating Explanations, and Solving Problems...................................... 521 Confirming by Testing ...........................Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesselect their eText by title or author and purchase immediate access to the content for the duration of the course using any major credit card. With CourseSmart eText, students can search for specific keywords or page numbers, make notes online, print reading assignments that incorporate lecture notes, and bookmark important passages for later review. For more information, or to purchase a CourseSmart eTextbook, visit www.coursesmart.com. Pearson’s Self-Assessment Library (S.A.L.) A hallmark of the

Essay The History of the Sport of Swimming - 726 Words

Swimming by definition is â€Å"to move along in water by means of movements of the body or parts of the body, especially the arms and legs, or (in the case of fish) tail and fins† (Swimming). The sport of swimming has a long history, from the beginning with the Egyptians and Hittites, through the competitive athletes of this century. While the history of competitive swimming is more in depth and has more information about it, the ancient history has a more solid background (MLA 7th Edition). In Egyptian history, swimming was used for combat and a way to escape from the enemy. Ramesses the Second and his troops escaped from the Hittites in the Battle of Kadesh. This story is also shown on hieroglyphics, which also provides evidence of early†¦show more content†¦When swimming reached the age-group level through Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), swim clubs started to grow and through this growth the four individual strokes grew to become the â€Å"competitive† stroke s. These strokes are front crawl or freestyle, back crawl or backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly. However, these are not the only events that athletes are able to swim at meets. Athletes are able to swim the individual medley, medley relays and freestyle relays. These events have a certain length, which can vary from a 50-meter sprint to the mile freestyle. The Olympic pools or long- course pools are 50 meters and a short-course pool is 25 meters or yards. (MLA 7th Edition) There are different training approaches to each of these strokes. For a sprinter a coach wants to make sure that they build up the athlete’s endurance for a quick, fast race. A long distance swimmer needs the endurance to power through a long event and make sure that they have enough energy left for them to sprint the last 100 to 50 meters. While training, a swimmer has to focus on a wide range of techniques; the arm stroke; the kick; the timing and coordination of their body movements; the breathing rh ythm; and their body position in the water. Learning each one of these techniques requires practice and precision (MLA 7th Edition). During a swim race, there are three distinct components: the start, the turn, and the overall swim. Each has a distinct technique and a slightShow MoreRelatedSwimming Events Within The World1108 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Today, swimming is very much an enjoyable activity as a form of recreation, exercise, or physical therapy, as well as a disciplined competitive sport. Early Swimming: In the olden days, swimming was basically an exercise, seen as a life skill, and therefore, people would commence controlled coaching. However, swimming races took place in Japan as early because the 1st century BC, and swimming was a mandatory part of the college curriculum in Imperial Japan (Britannica, 2005).Also,Read MoreMichael Phelps1153 Words   |  5 PagesPhelps is a name that will always be associated with the word swimming. He made the sport well-known by his eight medal wins at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, and is the most decorated Olympian in the world. He had been swimming since he was seven years old, and competed at only fifteen years old in his first Olympic Games. Michael Phelps has affected the world for good by bringing honor to the United States, elevating the sport of swimming, and proving there are no limits. Michael Phelps had broughtRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Baltimore Bullet Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagessurpassed. Showing dominance extending from the beginning of his career to the very end, he is the greatest athlete that the swimming world, and perhaps even the entire world of sports has ever seen. Phelps’s unprecedented level of achievement not even rivaled by Leonidas of Rhodes in the Olympics and records in the sport of swimming have created history, his passion for the sport has contributed back to the community, while his struggles have shown society that problems can be overcome in order to allowRead MoreSwimming Is The Best Physical Activity1659 Words   |  7 Pages Swimming Colby Homan December 22, 2015 Mr. Brinkman English 9 Did you know 65 percent of people in the United States do not know how to swim? If you think about it, swimming is a great way to keep in shape. There are very few injuries in swimming and it keeps you healthy. When you swim you are expanding your lung capacity, using most of your body, and strengthening your muscles. Swimming is the best physical activity for you and your body. I hope you learn something aboutRead MoreThe Importance of Technology in Sports727 Words   |  3 Pageshuge thing within sport, it varies from mobile phones, televisions, sport equipments and more, there is no doubt that the importance of the use of technologies has increased over the years, and since then, sports have become a globally activity, so are the decision that can change the result of an event. With the implementation of technology, correct decisions have been made, giving to the right team the winner place. The use of technology has its pros and cons but almost every sport now days is supportedR ead MoreEssay on Gender Barriers in Athletics1138 Words   |  5 Pagesfemale) entering a non-traditional sport for their gender/sex (eg women who enter body building, power lifting, boxing; men who enter synchronized swimming or field hockey)? Throughout history it is clear that not only women, but both genders have faced seemingly insurmountable barriers when attempting to break into a sport that is not proper or stereotypical for their gender to participate in. Though as a society we are making strides towards equality in sport, such as the advent of Title IX,Read MoreHow Do Weather Patterns Affect Seasonal Sports? Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal perspective: How does the changing weather patterns affect sports: football in america is under some heavy restraints at the moment, the culprit being: climate change, climate change has increased the average temperatures in the last 50 years by 2 degrees fahrenheit, although this might not seem like much it is predicted that the average temperature is going to rise faster because of the thickness of the atmosphere only getting worse, USA is affected more by climate change because of itsRead MoreHistory of Swimming875 Words   |  4 PagesSwimming was invented before recorded history. Humans discovered how to swim by accident. A person probably fell into the water and struggled to shore using a dog-paddle stroke. There was an Egyptian hieroglyph for swimming dating from 2500 BC. The ancient Greeks and Romans made swimming an important part of their military training programs. There have been known swimming contests that were organized in Japan as early as the 1st century BC. During the Middle Ages in EuropeRead MoreHistory of the Ymca Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesregardless of gender, income, faith, sexual orientation, or cultural background, has the opportunity to live life to its fullest. They share the values of caring, honesty, respect, and responsibility. In this paper you will learn a lot about the YMCA’s history, its founder, and some of the activities. George Williams founded the YMCA in 1844. In 1844 twenty-two-year-old George Williams joined 11 friends to organize the first Young Men’s Association (YMCA), a refuge of Bible study and prayer for young menRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )959 Words   |  4 Pagesisn’t the only treatment for this disorder. There are many natural treatments such as playing in sports. This disorder not only affects the person, but everyone around the person. 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Visit to Museum free essay sample

Also, it shows that the lady plays a motherly role, holding a basket, such as fetching water for cooking, washing the clothes for her children and her beloved husband. This photograph may tell us that women are determined, caring and independent and they will go an extra mile of protecting their children and their husband if they experience any chaotic situations in their family. The Native American Indian Photograph was taken to show that they were living in America; this was the territory of the Native American Indians and was annexed by the English. The picture of the Native American Lady could reveal that the Lady played an important role in the fight with the English protecting their land. The picture portrays boldness and power looking at the posture of the Lady. It tells us that the Lady loves what she does and also shows how determined and hard working she is, being a mother in the family. We will write a custom essay sample on Visit to Museum or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The artwork reminds me of a US History class I took in my old university, Oklahoma Christian University. The professor lectured his students including me about how Native Indian women were catering for the family but they were other specific women who went to wars and battle with others against enemies to protect their land which I believe that this woman in the artwork played that role. This artwork makes people question the artwork itself, why this Lady carrying a basket on her head. The elements of the basket and the wearing of the cloth show that the photographer is an outsider and this shows how the artist was charmed by the lady’s beauty and wants to portray the powerful role of women and how the Native Americans lived in the past. In conclusion the artwork reveals the artistic beauty of the past although there was a lot of manual work when relating to our real world, which is more about education. The black and white atmosphere shows that the camera they used since the photo was taken in 1907. The artwork is balanced and this shows how beautiful women are. Also this could tell us that the lady stands out more than other ladies meaning she could be a royal in her land but at the same time she is beautiful and respected in her land and plays a good role in leading her people.

Critically Evaluate Reasons for Labour Turnover

Question: Critically evaluate possible reasons for Labour Turnover together with the adavantgaes and disadvantages of Labour Turnover. Provide recommendations to retain key talent within an organization with the application of relevant motivation theories. Answer: Introduction Main purpose of this essay is to develop understanding about concept of labour turnover in human resource management and its impact on organization growth. For this purpose, it critically evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of labour turnover. This essay has a large scope for readers, students and future corporate professionals. The essay is effective to improve theoretical understanding of students and readers about practical aspects of business. For example, labour turnover is the main topic of essay, which is a practical human resource problem faced by organizations. This essay critically evaluates the reasons of labour turnover problem in an organization. The understanding of reasons behind labour turnover will help students in their future career path. Students would be able to use their theoretical understanding about reasons of labour turnover situation in company. Along with this, the essay focuses on providing different recommendations for resolving the selected problem. For this purpose, different theories of motivation have been selected in essay for review. This review and analysis would help to know importance of motivation in satisfaction of employees with their job and organization. It would also facilitate theoretical knowledge among students about how the motivation of employees can be enhanced. Critical Analysis: Critically evaluate reasons for labour turnover. Job dissatisfaction is a major cause of labor turnover problem in companies. Job dissatisfaction is the unfavorable emotional reaction of the labor towards their particular job. It is stated that if an employee gets low actual outputs as compared to their expected desires then, they leave the job due to the unsatisfied job. Moreover, lack of pay packages, incentives, recognition and fringe benefits, lack of career opportunities and ineffective working conditions affect the job satisfaction of the employees (Khan and Aleem, 2014). As a result, employees leave the job from the organization. It is very difficult for organizations to identify exact expectations of employees. Along with this, it is also difficult to meet every expectation and desire of man-power. Organizations also focus on fulfilling monetary needs of its employees. But, if they fail to recognize and fulfill non-monetary needs of their staff, they are likely to face labor turnover problems. Lack of organizational commitment is another reason of labor turnover, because the organization does not involve their employees in the organizational activities and decision making. Moreover, it does not recognize their employees within the organization. Further, the organization provides negative feedback to their employees. In such cases, employees leave their job due to getting the unfavorable comment, lack of involvement and participation within the organization (Mowday, et al., 2013). Additionally, rude behavior, back-biting, assigning blame and retaliation have an adverse impact on labor turnover. But at the same time, if organization fails to give appropriate feedback to employees according to their performance, it may face reduction in staff productivity. For this reason, the negative feedback is also very important. But the way of communication of performance issues can be improved by organizations for addressing labor turnover issues. Inappropriate employee recruitment is also a major cause of labor turnover. For example, sometimes, organization hire those employees who are not eligible for this job hence, they unable to adjust to the culture and also unable to meet the goals of the organization (Powell, 2012). As a result, they will leave the job due to lack of understanding about the organization. It is mandatory for organizations to strictly follow the recruitment process and to ignore referral based selection of staff. Such types of recruitments also lead to hiring of wrong candidate. Lack of training is another reason for labor turnover. It is explained that if a manager does not provide proper training to its employees then, they will unable to perform work efficiently. They get disinterested due to lack of knowledge about work (Khan and Aleem, 2014). In such case, they leave the job from the organization. Such types of problems are not only responsible for employee turnover, but it can also lead to accidental incidents at workplace. Another reason for labor turnover is organizational instability. Some organizations constantly focus on reorganizing, changing directions and re-shuffling of employees. In this case, staff gets disconnected from the main purpose of organization. Further, they dont understand that what is going on and what is the main concern of the organization (AlBattat and Som, 2013). As a result, it will lead to confusion and increase inefficiency among the labor. Due to instability of organization, the expertise of employees in doing certain job also gets weakened. This makes the employees to think to change company. The poor working condition also leads to labor turnover. It is stated that unsafe and hazardous working conditions negatively affect to employee performance and motivation. It discourages the employees towards their work within the organization (McQuerrey, 2012). Consequently, they will leave the job from this organization. On the other hand, if organization provides safe and healthy working conditions, it will enhance health and productivity of employees. The inappropriate relationship between the managers and employees is also a cause of labor turnover. It can be said that lack of coordination among the managers and employees declines the creativity and performance of employees (Powell, 2012). In addition to this, lack of coordination and support leads to limiting of ability and skills of staff. Hence, it creates dissatisfaction among the workers and they leave from the job. Apart from these, lack of growth opportunity in organization is also a major cause behind employees tendency to leave their job. It is because, employees look for a job and organization, where there is security of their job and appropriate growth opportunity. In absence of this factor, employees start to look for bigger organization, where they can grow with time. In this context, companies should facilitate proper hierarchy of job position and pay hike system associated with performance of employees and time factor (McQuerrey, 2012). This can contribute to reduction in labor turnover problems. But, for small organizations, this can be a challenging factor, as there is limited scope for creation of high profile positions. In such organizations, it can become difficult to retain skilled and experienced employees. Identify the advantages and the disadvantages of labour turnover One of the basic advantages of labor turnover is reduction in manpower costs. If an employee stays with the organization for a longer period of time, then the organizations has to pay that employee more than the other employees performing the same task but are new to organization (Davidson et al., 2010). This leads to excessive manpower cost to organization, which hampers the profitability of organization. Moreover, Labour turnover sometimes brings new ideas to organization, as it open gates for new talent possessing fresh and innovative ideas, which helps the organization to grow. Employee attrition provides space for risk taking calibre in the organization (Snell and Bohlander, 2010). On contrary to this, due to employee turnover, the performance of organization decreases. If an employee leaves the organization suddenly, then the organization faces various difficulties like very less or no time to train new employee, who is going to take over the job. This hampers the productivity of organization as all team members got affected. In addition to this, Labour turnover also affects customer relationship with the organization (Wu, 2012). Usually customer connects themselves with the employees and if those employees leave the organization, then it creates a doubt in the mind of customers about product quality. The other advantage of labor turnover is that it gives birth to higher performance of organization, because employees who are working from years used to start working at slow pace and this leads to slow growth and poor performance in the organization. On the other hand, new employees come with fresh talent. They work with greater enthusiasm and at a faster pace, which leads to satisfied client to organization and reduction in cost (Kucherov and Zavyalova, 2012). In addition to this, employees who are working from a long time generally started working against the organization from inside. When these employees leave organization, they do not cause any loss to organization. Other disadvantage of labor turnover is that it leads to increase in cost because of hiring of new employee. High attrition rate will lead to negative brand image of the organization. Labour turnover negatively impact employee development programs of organization (Gerhart and Fang 2014). These plans involve a huge cost and time. When an employee leaves the organization, the investment done by organization in his development got wasted. Sudden attrition also leads to interruption in daily task management. Conclusions and recommendations The satisfaction of employees needs and expectations is one of the ways to overcome labour turnover problem. As per Maslow theory of motivation, there are five types of needs that are necessary for every organization to fulfil such as physiological needs, Safety needs, love/ belongingness need, Self Esteem and the self-actualisation need (Fleetwood and Hesketh, 2010). The employees feel motivated to do work, when these needs are fulfilled. Successful fulfilment of needs will help in reduction of labour turnover issues (Stredwick, 2013). Managers of an organization can design compensation and benefit programs according to need hierarchy provided by this theory. To reduce the labour turnover, an organisation should make efforts for motivating the employees for good performance. Its the first step in an organization to motivate the employees and it should take concern of the individual needs of employees. Employees should be rewarded for their good performance at their job (Briscoe, Schuler and Tarique, 2012). The salary expectation should be fulfilled by organization. Safe working environment should be there for the employees. If an organisation fulfils the employees desires like salary structure, employee family benefits like trip for family etc, it will be effective to meet satisfaction of staff. Similar to this, timely promotion of the employee is also important enhance employee satisfaction and to overcome labour turnover issues in business (Kramar and Syed, 2012). At the same time, if management fails to meet these needs, it will face negative results in the form of lack of creativity at work, low morale, low job satisfaction and labour turnover issues. Mac Gregor theory X and Y is helpful to understand the nature of employees. Theory X provides that employees are lazy for the work and are irresponsible for the work. They are less ambitious. They are forced to do the work. They do not work willingly. They avoid the responsibilities. On the other hand, Theory Y believes that employees are not lazy to do the work. They enjoy doing the work (Machado and Davim, 2013). They accept the responsibility with an interest. They target their work. They are very creative and give innovative ideas for the beneficial of an organisation. They take their own decisions. Employees are self-motivated. Organization faces both the aspects of employees, provided by Theory X and Theory Y. The employees that come under Theory Y are already satisfied with their job and role. To improve theory X types of employees, motivation is necessary. Motivation is necessary to reduce the labour turnover from the organisations. As theory X types of employees should be motivated for their work this helps the employees to perform well in the organisations. This helps in doing the work with interest (Mathis et al., 2016). Getting rewards for their performance in the work will motivate them. If, they do not work properly they should be punished and with this fear of punishment, they can do the work properly. Herzbergs two-factor theory of motivation is also very important to find out ways to overcome labour turnover problem. As per this theory, it is necessary for organizations to effectively implement both hygiene factors and motivational factors. Companys failure to design hygiene factors in right manner can lead to dissatisfaction among employees. This invites the problem of labour turnover (Malik and Naeem, 2013). Example of hygiene involves pay, company policies and procedures, fringe benefits, working environment, status in organization, interpersonal relations, and job security. On the other hand, there are certain factors, the absence of which does not result into employee dissatisfaction. But involvement of these factors can stimulate motivation and performance of employees on job. Examples of these factors involve recognition, sense of achievement, growth and promotional opportunities, responsibility, and meaningfulness of work. But, most of times an employee that is satisfied with his job leaves the organization due to absence of motivational factors (Lee et al., 2014). It is true that investment in motivational factors can enhance business cost of organization, but it would offer long term benefits in business. References Ahmad Rasmi Suleiman, AlBattat. and Ahmad Puad Mat, Som. Employee dissatisfaction and turnover crises in the Malaysian hospitality industry,International Journal of Business and Management,8(5), 2013, pp. 62. Alamdar Hussain, Khan. and Muhammad, Aleem. Impact of job satisfaction on employee turnover: An empirical study of Autonomous Medical Institutions of Pakistan, Journal of International Studies,7(1), 2014, pp. 122-132. Barry, Gerhart. and Meiyu, Fang. Pay for (individual) performance: Issues, claims, evidence and the role of sorting effects, Human Resource Management Review, 24(1), 2014, pp. 41-52. Briscoe, D., Schuler, R. and Tarique, I. (2012) International Human Resource Management: Policies and Practices for Multinational Enterprises. 4thedn.UK: Publisher Taylor Francis. D, Kucherov. and E, Zavyalova. HRD practices and talent management in the companies with the employer brand, European Journal of Training and Development, 36(1), 2012, pp. 86-104. Dong-Jin, Lee., Stefan, Kruger., Mee-Jin, Whang., Muzaffer, Uysal. and M. Joseph, Sirgy. Validating a customer well-being index related to natural wildlife tourism, Tourism Management, 45, 2014, pp. 171-180. Fleetwood,S and Hesketh, A. (2010) Explaining the Performance of Human Resource Management. UK: Cambridge University Press. Hung-Yi, Wu. Constructing a strategy map for banking institutions with key performance indicators of the balanced scorecard, Evaluation and Program Planning, 35(3), 2012, pp. 303-320. Kramar, R. and Syed, J. (2012) Human Resource Management in a Global Context: A Critical Approach. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Machado, C.F. and Davim, J.P. (2013) Human Resource Management and Technological Challenges. US: Springer Science Business Media. Mathis, R.L., Jackson, JH.,Valentine and Meglich, P. (2016) Human Resource Management. 15th edn. US: Cengage Learning. MC, Davidson., N, Timo. and Y, Wang. How much does labour turnover cost? A case study of Australian four-and five-star hotels, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(4), 2010, pp. 451-466. McQuerrey, L. (2012) What Are the Causes of High Labor Turnover Rate? [Online]. Available at: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/causes-high-labor-turnover-rate-4287.html (Accessed: 3 august 2016). Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W. and Steers, R. M. (2013)Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. USA: Academic press. Muhammad Ehsan, Malik. and Basharat, Naeem. Towards understanding controversy on Herzberg theory of motivation, World Applied Sciences Journal, 24(8), 2013, pp. 1031-1036. Powell, J. (2012) Top 5 Reasons for Employee Turnover. [Online]. Available at: https://www.scontrino-powell.com/2012/top-5-reasons-for-employee-turnover/ (Accessed: 3 august 2016). Snell, S. and Bohlander, G.W. (2010) Principles of human resource management. USA: Cengage Learning. Stredwick, J. (2013) An Introduction to Human Resource Management.UK: Publisher, Routledge.